HerbID 3968

水蛭

Blood activation and stasis removal; Blood-Activating And Stasis-Resolving Medicinal

Clear heat and resolve toxindisperse swelling and relieve pain; To clear heat and resolve toxin; disperse swelling and relieve pain.; To disperse swelling.

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Trial: 1Formula: 12Herb: 1Ingredient: 12Meta-analysis: 4Symptom: 12Links: 41

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Record Fields

Scalar fields from the final herb record.

Herb Id: 3968
Core Entity Id: 42779
Source Entity Count: 1
Preferred Name: 水蛭
Name Cn: 水蛭
Name Pinyin: Shui Zhi
Name En: Bigflower Cape Jasmine
Name Latin: Hirudo
Bilingual Status: complete
Property: Bitter; Cold; Mild; Salty; Pungent; Hot; Extremely Poisonous
Flavor: Bitter; Pungent
Meridian: Heart; Liver; Stomach; Large Intestine
Use Part: Dried Whole; Fruit; Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis Var.; Leaf
Function: Clear heat and resolve toxindisperse swelling and relieve pain; To clear heat and resolve toxin; disperse swelling and relieve pain.; To disperse swelling.
Indication: Heat toxicity; Jaundice; Epistaxis; Nephritis and edema; Contusion and sprain; Heat toxin; nosebleed(epistaxis); nephritis with edema; sprain and contusion.; Knocks and falls.
Toxicity: Slightly toxic
Category Cn: 活血化淤; 活血化瘀药
Category En: Blood activation and stasis removal; Blood-Activating And Stasis-Resolving Medicinal

Names

Preferred names, aliases, and source labels retained in the final schema.

Name

水蛭

Role

Chinese_name

Source

SymMap_v2

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

Hirudo

Role

Latin_name

Source

SymMap_v2

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

Shuizhi

Role

Pinyin_name

Source

SymMap_v2

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Yes

Name

ShuiZhi

Role

pinyin

Source

ETCM_v2

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Yes

Name

水栀

Role

preferred

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水栀

Role

preferred

Source

TCMBank

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水栀

Role

preferred

Source

HERB_v2

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水栀叶

Role

preferred

Source

TCMBank

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水栀叶

Role

preferred

Source

HERB_v2

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水栀叶

Role

preferred

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水蛭

Role

preferred

Source

TCMBank

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水蛭

Role

preferred

Source

ChP2025

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水蛭

Role

preferred

Source

HERB_v2

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水蛭

Role

preferred

Source

SymMap_v2

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

水蛭

Role

preferred

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

Preferred

Yes

Name

伏尸栀子

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

伏尸栀子

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

大花栀子

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

大花栀子

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

小栀子

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

小栀子

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

建栀

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

建栀

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

水栀子

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

水栀子

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

水琪

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

水琪

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

水麻贴

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

水麻贴

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

沙塔干

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

沙塔干

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

红蛭

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

红蛭

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

肉钻子

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

肉钻子

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

至掌

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

至掌

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

虮

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

虮

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

蚂蝗蜞

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

蚂蝗蜞

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

蚂蟥

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

蚂蟥

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

蚑

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

蚑

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

蛭蝚

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

蛭蝚

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

蜞

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

蜞

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

马牙栀

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

马牙栀

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

马蛭

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

马蛭

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

马蜞

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

马蜞

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

马蟥

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

马蟥

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

马鳖

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

马鳖

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

黄枝

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

黄枝

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

黄栀子

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

黄栀子

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

黄箕子

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

黄箕子

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

黄蜞

Role

alias

Source

itcmdb_public

Preferred

Name

黄蜞

Role

alias

Source

HERB_v2

Preferred

Name

Bigflower Cape Jasmine

Role

english

Source

TCMBank

Language

Preferred

Name

Bigflower Cape Jasmine Leaf

Role

english

Source

HERB_v2

Language

Preferred

Name

Bigflower Cape Jasmine Leaf

Role

english

Source

TCMBank

Language

Preferred

Name

Bigflower Cape Jasmine Leaf

Role

english

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

Preferred

Name

Fruit of Largeflower Gardenia

Role

english

Source

HERB_v2

Language

Preferred

Name

Fruit of Largeflower Gardenia

Role

english

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

Preferred

Name

Fruit of Largeflower Gardenia;BigfIower Cape jasmine

Role

english

Source

TCMBank

Language

Preferred

Name

Leech

Role

english

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

Preferred

Name

Leech

Role

english

Source

HERB_v2

Language

Preferred

Name

Folium Gardeniae Grandiflorae

Role

latin

Source

HERB_v2

Language

Preferred

Name

Folium Gardeniae Grandiflorae

Role

latin

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

Preferred

Name

Fructus Gardeniae Grandiflorae

Role

latin

Source

HERB_v2

Language

Preferred

Name

Fructus Gardeniae Grandiflorae

Role

latin

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

Preferred

Name

Fructus Gardeniae grandiflorae

Role

latin

Source

TCMBank

Language

Preferred

Name

Gardenia jasminoides Ellis var.grandiflora Nakai

Role

latin

Source

ETCM_v2

Language

Preferred

Name

Gardenia jasminoides var. grandiflora

Role

latin

Source

TCMBank

Language

Preferred

Name

Hirudo

Role

latin

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

Preferred

Name

Hirudo

Role

latin

Source

HERB_v2

Language

Preferred

Name

Hirudo

Role

latin

Source

SymMap_v2

Language

Preferred

Name

SHUI ZHI

Role

pinyin

Source

TCMBank

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Name

SHUI ZHI 2

Role

pinyin

Source

TCMBank

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Name

SHUI ZHI YE

Role

pinyin

Source

TCMBank

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Name

Shui Zhi

Role

pinyin

Source

HERB_v2

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Name

Shui Zhi

Role

pinyin

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Name

Shui Zhi Ye

Role

pinyin

Source

HERB_v2

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Name

Shui Zhi Ye

Role

pinyin

Source

itcmdb_public

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Name

Shuizhi

Role

pinyin

Source

SymMap_v2

Language

pinyin

Preferred

Aliases

Additional names normalized into the restored final schema.

Bigflower Cape Jasmine LeafFolium Gardeniae GrandifloraeFructus Gardeniae GrandifloraeFruit of Largeflower GardeniaFruit of Largeflower Gardenia;BigfIower Cape jasmineGardenia jasminoides Ellis var.grandiflora NakaiGardenia jasminoides var. grandifloraHirudoLeechSHUI ZHI 2Shui Zhi Ye伏尸栀子大花栀子小栀子建栀水栀水栀叶水栀子水琪水麻贴沙塔干红蛭肉钻子至掌虮蚂蝗蜞蚂蟥蚑蛭蝚蜞马牙栀马蛭马蜞马蟥马鳖黄枝黄栀子黄箕子黄蜞

Cross References

Trusted external identifiers retained for this final record.

Herb

HERB005206HERB005207HERB005209

Tcmid

361457566636

Tcmsp

669670

Sym Map

SMHB00536

Tcm Id

2013361457566636

Ch P2025

7849f40851e9874861071ebedc39d1b8

Tcmbank

TCMBANKHE004701TCMBANKHE006181TCMBANKHE006865

Etcm Herb

ShuiZhi

Our Yao2025

49276

Itcmdb Generated

ITX-HERB-02878A1D210DITX-HERB-92CCF58E9B7E

Attributes

Merged source attributes and domain-specific metadata.

Cid

Url

https://db2.ouryao.com/yd2025/view.php?id=7849f40851e9874861071ebedc39d1b8

Cid2

Flavor

Bitter

Source

一部

Use Part

Dried wholeFruitGardenia jasminoides Ellis var. Leaffruitleaf

Section

药材和饮片

Function

Clear heat and resolve toxindisperse swelling and relieve painTo clear heat and resolve toxin, disperse swelling and relieve pain.To disperse swelling.

Property

Cold

Suppress

Toxicity

Slightly ToxicSlightly toxic

Reviewer

林林总总

Meridians

Heart; LiverLiverStomach; Large Intestine

Indication

Heat toxicity; Jaundice; Epistaxis; Nephritis and edema; Contusion and sprainHeat toxin, jaundice, nosebleed(epistaxis), nephritis with edema, sprain and contusion.Knocks and falls.

Properties

Bitter; ColdMild; Bitter; SaltyPungent; Hot; Extremely Poisonous

Breadcrumbs

一部药材和饮片

Class Chinese

活血化瘀药

Class English

Blood-Activating And Stasis-Resolving Medicinal

Parsed Sections

性状

本品呈不规则段状、扁块状或扁圆柱状，略鼓起，背部黑褐色，腹面棕黄色至棕褐色，附有少量白色滑石粉。断面松泡，灰白色至焦黄色。气微腥。

检查

（酸碱度重金属及有害元素黄曲霉毒素）同药材。

注意

孕妇禁用。

炮制

水蛭洗净，切段，干燥。

贮藏

置干燥处，防蛀。注：［1］三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸缓冲液的配制取0.2mol/L三羟甲基氨基甲烷溶液25ml与0.1mol/L盐酸溶液约40ml，加水至100ml，调节pH值至7.4（临用配制）。［2］凝血酶溶液的配制取凝血酶试剂适量，加生理盐水配制成每1ml含凝血酶40个单位或10个单位的溶液（临用配制）。

鉴别

取本品粉末1g，加乙醇5ml，超声处理15分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取水蛭对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以环己烷-乙酸乙酯（4∶1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同的紫红色斑点；紫外光灯（365nm）下显相同的橙红色荧光斑点。

含量测定

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约1g，精密称定，精密加入0.9%氯化钠溶液5ml，充分搅拌，浸提30分钟，并时时振摇，离心，精密量取上清液100μl，置试管（8mm×38mm）中，加入含0.5%（牛）纤维蛋白原（以凝固物计）的三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸缓冲液［注1］200μl，摇匀，置水浴中（37℃±0.5℃）温浸5分钟，滴加每1ml中含40单位的凝血酶溶液［注2］（每1分钟滴加1次，每次5μl，边滴加边轻轻摇匀）至凝固（水蛭）或滴加每1ml中含10单位的凝血酶溶液［注2］（每4分钟滴加1次，每次2μl，边滴加边轻轻摇匀）至凝固（蚂蟥、柳叶蚂蟥），记录消耗凝血酶溶液的体积，按下式计算：式中 U为每1g含凝血酶活性单位，U/g； C1为凝血酶溶液的浓度，μ/ml； C2为供试品溶液的浓度，g/ml； V1为消耗凝血酶溶液的体积，μl； V2为供试品溶液的加入量，μl。中和一个单位的凝血酶的量，为一个抗凝血酶活性单位。本品每1g含抗凝血酶活性水蛭应不低于16.0U；蚂蟥、柳叶蚂蟥应不低于3.0U。饮片

功能与主治

破血通经，逐瘀消癥。用于血瘀经闭，癥瘕痞块，中风偏瘫，跌扑损伤。

性味与归经

咸、苦，平；有小毒。归肝经。

用法与用量

1～3g。

Meridian Tropism

Heart meridian, Liver meridian

Meridians Chinese

胃,大肠

Meridians English

Stomach,Large Intestine

Properties Chinese

辛,热,有大毒

Properties English

Pungent,Hot,Extremely Poisonous

Therapeutic Cn Class

活血化淤活血化瘀药

Therapeutic En Class

Blood activation and stasis removalBlood-Activating And Stasis-Resolving Medicinal

Clinical Manifestations

One of its components, hirudin, is an anticoagulant.one of its components, hirudin, is an anticoagulant.