HerbID 4742
草乌
Antipyretic Detoxicate Drugs; For warming interior; Wind-Dampnessdispelling And Colddispersing Medicinal; Wind-Dampnessdispelling Medicinal
To relieve rheumatic conditions; to warm the channels and to alleviate pain.; To remove toxic heat; and to relieve pain.; Treatment of rheumatic and rheumatoid arthralgia; precordial and abdominal pain with cold sensatio
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Record Fields
Scalar fields from the final herb record.
- Herb Id
- 4742
- Core Entity Id
- 50791
- Source Entity Count
- 1
- Preferred Name
- 草乌
- Name Cn
- 草乌
- Name Pinyin
- Cao Wu
- Name En
- Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
- Name Latin
- Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix
- Bilingual Status
- complete
- Property
- Hot; Pungent; Astringent; Calm; Slightly Toxic; Bitter; Extremely Poisonous; Toxic; Even
- Flavor
- Pungent; Astringent; Bitter
- Meridian
- Heart; Liver; Kidney; Spleen
- Use Part
- Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii.; Root
- Function
- To relieve rheumatic conditions; to warm the channels and to alleviate pain.; To remove toxic heat; and to relieve pain.; Treatment of rheumatic and rheumatoid arthralgia; precordial and abdominal pain with cold sensation; abdominal colic caused by cold; anaethesia.
- Indication
- Treatment of fever in febrile disease; diarrhea and abdominal pain; headache; toothache.; Treatment of rheumatic and rheumatoid arthralgia; precordial and abdominal pain with cold sensation; abdominal colic caused by cold; anaethesia.
- Toxicity
- Extremely toxic
- Category Cn
- 清热解毒药; 温里; 祛风湿散寒药; 祛风湿药
- Category En
- Antipyretic Detoxicate Drugs; For warming interior; Wind-Dampnessdispelling And Colddispersing Medicinal; Wind-Dampnessdispelling Medicinal
Names
Preferred names, aliases, and source labels retained in the final schema.
Name
制草乌
Role
Chinese_name
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌
Role
Chinese_name
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Role
English_name
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
en
Preferred
Yes
Name
Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Cocta
Role
Latin_name
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
la
Preferred
Yes
Name
Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii,Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix
Role
Latin_name
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
la
Preferred
Yes
Name
Caowu
Role
Pinyin_name
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
Yes
Name
Zh1caowu
Role
Pinyin_name
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
Yes
Name
CaoWu
Role
pinyin
Source
ETCM_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
Yes
Name
CaoWuYe
Role
pinyin
Source
ETCM_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
Yes
Name
ZhiCaoWu
Role
pinyin
Source
ETCM_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
Yes
Name
制草乌
Role
preferred
Source
HERB_v2
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
制草乌
Role
preferred
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
制草乌
Role
preferred
Source
TCMBank
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
制草乌
Role
preferred
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
制草乌
Role
preferred
Source
ChP2025
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌
Role
preferred
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌
Role
preferred
Source
TCMBank
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌
Role
preferred
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌
Role
preferred
Source
ChP2025
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌
Role
preferred
Source
HERB_v2
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌叶
Role
preferred
Source
ChP2025
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌叶
Role
preferred
Source
TCMBank
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌叶
Role
preferred
Source
HERB_v2
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌叶
Role
preferred
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
草乌叶
Role
preferred
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
zh
Preferred
Yes
Name
Kusnezoff Monkshood Leaf
Role
english
Source
HERB_v2
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Kusnezoff Monkshood Leaf
Role
english
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Kusnezoff Monkshood Leaf
Role
english
Source
TCMBank
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Kusnezoff Monkshood Leaf
Role
english
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Role
english
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Role
english
Source
TCMBank
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Role
english
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Role
english
Source
HERB_v2
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Prepared Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Role
english
Source
TCMBank
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Prepared Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Role
english
Source
HERB_v2
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Prepared Kusnezoff Monkshood Root
Role
english
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
en
Preferred
No
Name
Aconiti Kusnezoffii Folium,Folium Aconiti Kusnezoffii
Role
latin
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Aconiti Kusnezoffii Folium; Folium Aconiti Kusnezoffii
Role
latin
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Aconiti Kusnezoffii Folium; Folium Aconiti Kusnezoffii
Role
latin
Source
HERB_v2
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Cocta
Role
latin
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Cocta; Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Praeparata
Role
latin
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Cocta; Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Praeparata
Role
latin
Source
HERB_v2
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.
Role
latin
Source
ETCM_v2
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Folium Aconiti Kusnezoffii
Role
latin
Source
TCMBank
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii
Role
latin
Source
TCMBank
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata
Role
latin
Source
TCMBank
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii,Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix
Role
latin
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii; Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix
Role
latin
Source
HERB_v2
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii; Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix
Role
latin
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
la
Preferred
No
Name
CAO WU
Role
pinyin
Source
TCMBank
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
CAO WU YE
Role
pinyin
Source
TCMBank
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
Cao Wu
Role
pinyin
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
Cao Wu
Role
pinyin
Source
HERB_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
Cao Wu Ye
Role
pinyin
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
Cao Wu Ye
Role
pinyin
Source
HERB_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
Caowu
Role
pinyin
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
Caowuye
Role
pinyin
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
ZHI CAO WU
Role
pinyin
Source
TCMBank
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
Zh1caowu
Role
pinyin
Source
SymMap_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
Zhi Cao Wu
Role
pinyin
Source
itcmdb_public
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Name
Zhi Cao Wu
Role
pinyin
Source
HERB_v2
Language
pinyin
Preferred
No
Aliases
Additional names normalized into the restored final schema.
Aconiti Kusnezoffii Folium,Folium Aconiti KusnezoffiiAconiti Kusnezoffii Radix CoctaAconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Cocta; Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii PraeparataAconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.CaowuyeFolium Aconiti KusnezoffiiKusnezoff Monkshood LeafPrepared Kusnezoff Monkshood RootRadix Aconiti KusnezoffiiRadix Aconiti Kusnezoffii PreparataRadix Aconiti Kusnezoffii,Aconiti Kusnezoffii RadixZh1caowuZhi Cao Wu制草乌草乌叶
Cross References
Trusted external identifiers retained for this final record.
Herb
HERB000604HERB000607HERB006983
Tcmid
17672061258240905868
Tcmsp
555677843909
Sym Map
SMHB00055SMHB00056SMHB00617
Tcm Id
17672061222586877909
Ch P2025
733862b920cad00f374cc3746ffdd9c176e68659e167049c16c6ec1f082e1af4d21dca324800c31e94a1249172527db6
Tcmbank
TCMBANKHE000528TCMBANKHE002918TCMBANKHE003681
Etcm Herb
CaoWuCaoWuYeZhiCaoWu
Our Yao2025
495224952349524
Itcmdb Generated
ITX-HERB-6987DDAE5819ITX-HERB-6DA443B1E9C5ITX-HERB-6E75FFE7CC1EITX-HERB-74A1A545654EITX-HERB-A466FFE19C7EITX-HERB-C8752635C13A
Attributes
Merged source attributes and domain-specific metadata.
Cid
1
Url
https://db2.ouryao.com/yd2025/view.php?id=733862b920cad00f374cc3746ffdd9c1https://db2.ouryao.com/yd2025/view.php?id=76e68659e167049c16c6ec1f082e1af4https://db2.ouryao.com/yd2025/view.php?id=d21dca324800c31e94a1249172527db6
Cid2
3
Flavor
Pungent, AstringentPungent, Bitter
Source
一部
Use Part
Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii.Root
Section
药材和饮片
Function
To relieve rheumatic conditions, to warm the channels and to alleviate pain.To remove toxic heat, and to relieve pain.Treatment of rheumatic and rheumatoid arthralgia, precordial and abdominal pain with cold sensation, abdominal colic caused by cold, anaethesia.
Property
EvenHot
Suppress
0
Toxicity
Extremely ToxicExtremely toxic
Reviewer
青青小月
Meridians
Heart; Liver; Kidney; SpleenSpleen; Heart; Kidney
Indication
Treatment of fever in febrile disease, diarrhea and abdominal pain, headache, toothache.Treatment of rheumatic and rheumatoid arthralgia, precordial and abdominal pain with cold sensation, abdominal colic caused by cold, anaethesia.
Properties
Hot; PungentPungent; Astringent; Calm; Slightly ToxicPungent; Bitter; Hot; Extremely PoisonousPungent; Bitter; Hot; Toxic
Breadcrumbs
一部药材和饮片
Class Chinese
清热解毒药祛风湿散寒药祛风湿药
Class English
Antipyretic Detoxicate DrugsWind-Dampnessdispelling And Colddispersing MedicinalWind-Dampnessdispelling Medicinal
Parsed Sections
性状
本品多皱缩卷曲、破碎。完整叶片展平后呈卵圆形，3全裂，长5～12cm，宽10～17cm；灰绿色或黄绿色；中间裂片菱形，渐尖，近羽状深裂；侧裂片2深裂；小裂片披针形或卵状披针形。上表面微被柔毛，下表面无毛；叶柄长2～6cm。质脆。气微，味微咸辛。
注意
孕妇慎用。
贮藏
置干燥处。
鉴别
（1）本品表面观：上表皮细胞垂周壁微波状弯曲，外平周壁有的可见稀疏角质纹理；非腺毛单细胞，多呈镰刀状弯曲，长约至468μm，直径44μm，壁具疣状突起。下表皮细胞垂周壁深波状弯曲；气孔较多，不定式，副卫细胞3～5个。 （2）取本品粉末5g，加三氯甲烷25ml，摇匀，加碳酸钠试液2ml，振摇30分钟，滤过，取滤液加稀盐酸4ml，振摇，分取酸液，滤过，将滤液分置两支试管中，一管中加碘化铋钾试液2滴，生成棕黄色沉淀；另一管中加硅钨酸试液2滴，生成灰白色沉淀。
功能与主治
清热，解毒，止痛。用于热病发热，泄泻腹痛，头痛，牙痛。
性味与归经
辛、涩，平；有小毒。
用法与用量
1～1.2g，多入丸散用。
性状
本品呈不规则圆形或近三角形的片。表面黑褐色，有灰白色多角形形成层环和点状维管束，并有空隙，周边皱缩或弯曲。质脆。气微，味微辛辣，稍有麻舌感。
检查
水分 不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。 双酯型生物碱 照〔含量测定〕项下色谱条件和供试品溶液的制备方法试验。 对照提取物溶液的制备 取乌头双酯型生物碱对照提取物（已标示新乌头碱、次乌头碱和乌头碱的含量）适量，精密称定，加异丙醇-三氯甲烷（1∶1）混合溶液制成每1ml含新乌头碱、次乌头碱和乌头碱各约30μg的溶液，即得。 测定法 分别精密吸取对照提取物溶液与〔含量测定〕项下供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。 本品含双酯型生物碱以乌头碱（C34H47NO11）、次乌头碱（C33H45NO10）和新乌头碱（C33H45NO11）的总量计，不得过0.040%。
炮制
取草乌，大小个分开，用水浸泡至内无干心，取出，加水煮至取大个切开内无白心、口尝微有麻舌感时，取出，晾至六成干后切薄片，干燥。
贮藏
同制川乌。
鉴别
取本品粉末2g，加氨试液2ml润湿，加乙醚20ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液挥干，残渣加二氯甲烷1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取苯甲酰乌头原碱对照品、苯甲酰次乌头原碱对照品、苯甲酰新乌头原碱对照品，加异丙醇-三氯甲烷（1∶1）混合溶液制成每1ml各含1mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以正己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇（6.4∶3.6∶1）为展开剂，置用氨蒸气预饱和20分钟的展开缸内，展开，取出，晾干，喷以稀碘化铋钾试液。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
含量测定
照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。 色谱条件与系统适用性试验 以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-四氢呋喃（25∶15）为流动相A，以0.1mol/L醋酸铵溶液（每1000ml加冰醋酸0.5ml）为流动相B，按下表中的规定进行梯度洗脱；检测波长为235nm。理论板数按苯甲酰新乌头原碱峰计算应不低于2000。 对照品溶液的制备 取苯甲酰乌头原碱对照品、苯甲酰次乌头原碱对照品、苯甲酰新乌头原碱对照品适量，精密称定，加异丙醇-三氯甲烷（1∶1）混合溶液分别制成每1ml含苯甲酰乌头原碱20μg、苯甲酰次乌头原碱0.1mg、苯甲酰新乌头原碱80μg的混合溶液，即得。 供试品溶液的制备 取本品粉末（过三号筛）约2g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，加氨试液3ml，精密加入异丙醇-乙酸乙酯（1∶1）混合溶液50ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率300W，频率40kHz；水温在25℃以下）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用异丙醇-乙酸乙酯（1∶1）混合溶液补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过。精密量取续滤液25ml，40℃以下减压回收溶剂至干，残渣精密加入异丙醇-三氯甲烷（1∶1）混合溶液3ml溶解，滤过，取续滤液，即得。 测定法 分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。 本品按干燥品计算，含苯甲酰乌头原碱（C32H45NO10）、苯甲酰次乌头原碱（C31H43NO9）及苯甲酰新乌头原碱（C31H43NO10）的总量应为0.020%～0.070%。
功能与主治
同草乌。
性味与归经
辛、苦，热；有毒。归心、肝、肾、脾经。
用法与用量
1.5～3g，宜先煎、久煎。
性状
本品呈不规则长圆锥形，略弯曲，长2～7cm，直径0.6～1.8cm。顶端常有残茎和少数不定根残基，有的顶端一侧有一枯萎的芽，一侧有一圆形或扁圆形不定根残基。表面灰褐色或黑棕褐色，皱缩，有纵皱纹、点状须根痕及数个瘤状侧根。质硬，断面灰白色或暗灰色，有裂隙，形成层环纹多角形或类圆形，髓部较大或中空。气微，味辛辣、麻舌。
检查
杂质（残茎） 不得过5%（通则2301）。 水分 不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。 总灰分 不得过6.0%（通则2302）。
注意
生品内服宜慎；孕妇禁用；不宜与半夏、瓜蒌、瓜蒌子、瓜蒌皮、天花粉、川贝母、浙贝母、平贝母、伊贝母、湖北贝母、白蔹、白及同用。
炮制
生草乌 除去杂质，洗净，干燥。
贮藏
置通风干燥处，防蛀。
鉴别
（1）本品横切面：后生皮层为7～8列棕黄色栓化细胞；皮层有石细胞，单个散在或2～5个成群，类长方形、方形或长圆形，胞腔大；内皮层明显。韧皮部宽广，常有不规则裂隙，筛管群随处可见。形成层环呈不规则多角形或类圆形。木质部导管1～4列或数个相聚，位于形成层角隅的内侧，有的内含棕黄色物。髓部较大。薄壁细胞充满淀粉粒。 粉末灰棕色。淀粉粒单粒类圆形，直径2～23μm；复粒由2～16分粒组成。石细胞无色，与后生皮层细胞连结的显棕色，呈类方形、类长方形、类圆形、梭形或长条形，直径20～133（234）μm，长至465μm，壁厚薄不一，壁厚者层纹明显，纹孔细，有的含棕色物。后生皮层细胞棕色，表面观呈类方形或长多角形，壁不均匀增厚，有的呈瘤状突入细胞腔。 （2）取本品粉末1g，加氨试液2ml润湿，加乙醚20ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液挥干，残渣加异丙醇-三氯甲烷（1：1）混合溶液1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取乌头双酯型生物碱对照提取物，加异丙醇-三氯甲烷（1：1）混合溶液制成每1ml各含3mg的溶液，作为对照提取物溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液5μl，对照提取物溶液10μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以正己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇（6.4：3.6：1）为展开剂，置用氨蒸气预饱和20分钟的展开缸内，展开，取出，晾干，喷以稀碘化铋钾试液，置日光下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照提取物色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
含量测定
同药材。
功能与主治
祛风除湿，温经止痛。用于风寒湿痹，关节疼痛，心腹冷痛，寒疝作痛及麻醉止痛。
性味与归经
辛、苦，热；有大毒。归心、肝、肾、脾经。
用法与用量
一般炮制后用。
Meridian Tropism
Heart meridian, Liver meridian, Kidney meridian, Spleen meridian
Meridians Chinese
心,肝,肾,脾
Meridians English
Heart,Liver,Kidney,Spleen
Properties Chinese
辛,涩,平,有小毒辛,苦,热,有大毒辛,苦,热,有毒
Properties English
Pungent,Astringent,Calm,Slightly ToxicPungent,Bitter,Hot,Extremely PoisonousPungent,Bitter,Hot,Toxic
Therapeutic Cn Class
清热解毒药温里祛风湿散寒药祛风湿药
Therapeutic En Class
Antipyretic Detoxicate DrugsFor warming interiorWind-Dampnessdispelling And Colddispersing MedicinalWind-Dampnessdispelling Medicinal