ReferenceID 784
Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Triterpenoids in the Vines and Leaves of Momordica charantia
Int J Mol Sci
The vines and leaves of Momordica charantia L. are used as herbal medicines to treat inflammation-related disorders. However, their safety profile remains uncharacterized, and the constituents in their extracts that exer
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Record Fields
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- Reference Id
- 784
- Evidence Id
- 17374
- Core Evidence Id
- 17374
- Source Reference Id
- 1558
- Herb2 Reference Id
- HBREF002355
- Subject Paper Key
- HERB003144_35163001
- Pubmed Id
- 35163001
- Doi
- 10.3390/ijms23031071
- Paper Title
- Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Triterpenoids in the Vines and Leaves of Momordica charantia
- Paper Abstract
- The vines and leaves of Momordica charantia L. are used as herbal medicines to treat inflammation-related disorders. However, their safety profile remains uncharacterized, and the constituents in their extracts that exert anti-inflammatory and adverse effects remain unclear. This study isolated the characteristic cucurbitane-type triterpenoid species in the vines and leaves of M. charantia L. and analyzed their cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory effects, and underlying mechanisms. Four structurally related triterpenoids-momordicines I, II, IV, and (23E) 3β,7β,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al (TCD)-were isolated from the triterpenoid-rich fractions of extracts from the vines and leaves of M. charantia . Momordicine I was cytotoxic on normal cells, momordicine II exerted milder cytotoxicity, and momordicine IV and TCD had no obvious adverse effects on cell growth. TCD had anti-inflammatory activity both in vivo and in vitro. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, TCD inhibited the inhibitor kappa B kinase/nuclear factor-κB pathway and enhanced the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 and p38. Thus, the vines and leaves of M. charantia should be used with caution. An extraction protocol that can enrich TCD but remove momordicine I would likely enhance the safety of the extract.
- Journal
- Int J Mol Sci
- Publish Year
- 2022
- Experiment Subject
- raw 264.7 cells
- Experiment Type
- Cell Experiment
- Phenotype Related
- Momordicine; Inflammation-related Disorders
- Paper Title Cn
- Paper Title En
- Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Triterpenoids in the Vines and Leaves of Momordica charantia
- Bilingual Status
- semi_complete