ReferenceID 622
Artichoke leaf extract supplementation lowers hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation and increases multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 in mice fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet
Food Funct
Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaf extract (ALE) contains many phytonutrients that may have antioxidant and anti-inflammation activities against many diseases including liver damage. To investigate the protective effects o
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Record Fields
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- Reference Id
- 622
- Evidence Id
- 17212
- Core Evidence Id
- 17212
- Source Reference Id
- 1235
- Herb2 Reference Id
- HBREF002032
- Subject Paper Key
- HERB000559_34165128
- Pubmed Id
- 34165128
- Doi
- 10.1039/d1fo00861g
- Paper Title
- Artichoke leaf extract supplementation lowers hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation and increases multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 in mice fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet
- Paper Abstract
- Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaf extract (ALE) contains many phytonutrients that may have antioxidant and anti-inflammation activities against many diseases including liver damage. To investigate the protective effects of ALE on high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet-induced steatohepatitis and liver damage in mice, twenty-four female mice were fed an HFHC diet without or with 0.5% and 1% ALE supplementation for 6 weeks. The antioxidant and anti-inflammation activities and histological changes in the liver after ALE treatment were evaluated. The results show that ALE treatment reduced the HFHC diet-induced elevation of liver damage, as indicated by an increased alanine aminotransferase activity in plasma and perivenular inflammatory infiltrates in the liver. In addition, ALE ameliorated HFHC diet-induced depletion of hepatic glutathione (GSH) and elevations of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and hepatic triglyceride. ALE suppressed HFHC diet-induced accumulation of cholesterol precursors, including squalene and desmosterol in the liver. Higher hepatic GSH contents and activities of GSH-related enzymes were observed after ALE treatment. Higher expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were induced by the HFHC diet; however, ALE treatment reduced HO-1 expression. The NOD-like receptor protein 3, caspase-1, and interleukin-1beta protein and mRNA levels were reduced in the liver by ALE. A higher multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 expression in the liver was found after ALE treatment. These results suggest that ALE may ameliorate oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid metabolism disorder in HFHC diet-induced steatohepatitis and liver damage.
- Journal
- Food Funct
- Publish Year
- 2021
- Experiment Subject
- mouse
- Experiment Type
- Animal Experiment
- Phenotype Related
- Lipid Metabolism Disorder; Inflammation; Liver Damage; Steatohepatitis
- Paper Title Cn
- Paper Title En
- Artichoke leaf extract supplementation lowers hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation and increases multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 in mice fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet
- Bilingual Status
- semi_complete