ReferenceID 5972
Beneficial effects of combination therapy of phloretin and metformin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and improved insulin sensitivity in vitro
Food Funct
The GLUT4 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways are the key sensors of energy status and they regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Phloretin activates the PI3K/AKT pathway by promoting GLUT4 translocation and expression, the
Relationship Network
Interactive first-hop connections across herbs, ingredients, formulas, targets, diseases, symptoms, syndromes, evidence, and monographs.
Click a node to open it in a new tab
Ingredient: 1Reference: 1Links: 1
Arranging relationship network...
Record Fields
Scalar fields from the final reference record.
- Reference Id
- 5972
- Evidence Id
- 22562
- Core Evidence Id
- 22562
- Source Reference Id
- 5206
- Herb2 Reference Id
- HBREF006003
- Subject Paper Key
- HBIN039576_31821397
- Pubmed Id
- 31821397
- Doi
- 10.1039/c9fo01326a
- Paper Title
- Beneficial effects of combination therapy of phloretin and metformin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and improved insulin sensitivity in vitro
- Paper Abstract
- The GLUT4 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways are the key sensors of energy status and they regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Phloretin activates the PI3K/AKT pathway by promoting GLUT4 translocation and expression, thereby improving glucose consumption and tolerance. As metformin can regulate glucose metabolism, we hypothesized that phloretin can amplify its gluco-regulatory effects. Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed with a high-fat and high-sugar diet for 8 weeks and injected with a low dose of streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes. The diabetic rats were randomized to receive phloretin (100 mg kg-1 d-1), metformin (250 mg kg-1 d-1), or phloretin + metformin via oral gavage for another 4 weeks. Random blood glucose, serum insulin, free fatty acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels were detected in type 2 diabetic rats. Hematoxylin-eosin and Oil Red O staining were used to observe the pathological changes in the liver, pancreas, and adipose tissues of type 2 diabetic rats. The expression levels of IRS-1, PI3K, P-AKT, and GLUT4 in skeletal muscle were detected using western blotting. Phloretin plus metformin improved fasting blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic rats. In addition, this combination reduced lipid accumulation, improved the pathological changes in the liver, pancreas, and adipose tissue, and increased IRS-1, PI3K, P-AKT, and GLUT4 expression in skeletal muscle and the liver of type 2 diabetic rats. Thus, phloretin can be used in a potential combination therapy with metformin for the prevention and rescue of type 2 diabetes.
- Journal
- Food Funct
- Publish Year
- 2020
- Experiment Subject
- rat
- Experiment Type
- Animal Experiment
- Phenotype Related
- Type 2 Diabetic; Type 2 Diabetes; Diabetic
- Paper Title Cn
- Paper Title En
- Beneficial effects of combination therapy of phloretin and metformin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and improved insulin sensitivity in vitro
- Bilingual Status
- semi_complete