ReferenceID 5673
Mangiferin activates Nrf2 to attenuate cardiac fibrosis via redistributing glutaminolysis-derived glutamate
Pharmacol Res
Cardiac injury is followed by fibrosis, characterized by myofibroblast activation. Excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) impairs the plasticity of myocardium and results in myocardial systolic and diastolic
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Record Fields
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- Reference Id
- 5673
- Evidence Id
- 22263
- Core Evidence Id
- 22263
- Source Reference Id
- 4583
- Herb2 Reference Id
- HBREF005380
- Subject Paper Key
- HBIN034394_32353588
- Pubmed Id
- 32353588
- Doi
- 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104845
- Paper Title
- Mangiferin activates Nrf2 to attenuate cardiac fibrosis via redistributing glutaminolysis-derived glutamate
- Paper Abstract
- Cardiac injury is followed by fibrosis, characterized by myofibroblast activation. Excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) impairs the plasticity of myocardium and results in myocardial systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Mangiferin is a xanthonoid derivative rich in plants mangoes and iris unguicularis, exhibiting the ability to ameliorate metabolic disorders. This study aims to investigate whether mangiferin attenuates cardiac fibrosis via redox regulation. The transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice induced cardiac fibrosis with impaired heart function. Oral administration of mangiferin (50 mg/kg, 4 weeks) inhibited myofibroblast activation with reduced formation of ECM. The impaired left ventricular contractive function was also improved by mangiferin. TGF-beta1 stimulation increased glutaminolysis to fuel intracellular glutamate pool for the increased demands of nutrients to support cardiac myofibroblast activation. Mangiferin degraded Keap1 to promote Nrf2 protein accumulation by improving its stability, leading to Nrf2 activation. Nrf2 transcriptionally promotes the synthesis of antioxidant proteins. By activating Nrf2, mangiferin promoted the synthesis of glutathione (GSH) in cardiac fibroblasts, likely due to the consumption of glutaminolysis-derived glutamate as a source. Meanwhile, mangiferin promoted the exchange of intracellular glutamate for the import of extracellular cystine to support GSH generation. As a result of redistribution, the reduced glutamate availability failed to support myofibroblast activation. In support of this, the addition of extracellular glutamate or alpha-ketoglutarate diminished the inhibitory effects of mangiferin on cardiac myofibroblast proliferation and activation. Moreover, cardiac knockdown of Nrf2 attenuated the cardioprotective effects of mangiferin in mice subjected to TAC. In conclusion, we demonstrated that activated myofibroblasts were sensitive to glutamate availability. Mangiferin activated Nrf2 and redistributed intracellular glutamate for the synthesis of GSH, consequently impairing cardiac myofibroblast activation due to decreased glutamate availability. These results address that pharmacological activation of Nrf2 could restrain cardiac fibrosis via metabolic regulation.
- Journal
- Pharmacol Res
- Publish Year
- 2020
- Experiment Subject
- mouse
- Experiment Type
- Animal Experiment
- Phenotype Related
- Metabolic Disorders; Cardiac Injury; Impaired Heart Function; Transverse Aortic Constriction; Myocardial Systolic And Diastolic Dysfunction; Cardiac Fibrosis; Fibrosis
- Paper Title Cn
- Paper Title En
- Mangiferin activates Nrf2 to attenuate cardiac fibrosis via redistributing glutaminolysis-derived glutamate
- Bilingual Status
- semi_complete