ReferenceID 2822
Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Allergic Effects of Saponarin and Its Impact on Signaling Pathways of RAW 264.7, RBL-2H3, and HaCaT Cells
Int J Mol Sci
Saponarin{5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one}, a flavone found in young green barley leaves, is known to possess
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Record Fields
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- Reference Id
- 2822
- Evidence Id
- 19412
- Core Evidence Id
- 19412
- Source Reference Id
- 5644
- Herb2 Reference Id
- HBREF006441
- Subject Paper Key
- HBIN043104_34445132
- Pubmed Id
- 34445132
- Doi
- 10.3390/ijms22168431
- Paper Title
- Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Allergic Effects of Saponarin and Its Impact on Signaling Pathways of RAW 264.7, RBL-2H3, and HaCaT Cells
- Paper Abstract
- Saponarin{5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one}, a flavone found in young green barley leaves, is known to possess antioxidant, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective effects. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and skin-protective effects of saponarin were investigated to evaluate its usefulness as a functional ingredient in cosmetics. In lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 (murine macrophage) cells, saponarin (80 muM) significantly inhibited cytokine expression, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Saponarin (80 muM) also inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells. Saponarin (40 muM) significantly inhibited beta-hexosaminidase degranulation as well as the phosphorylation of signaling effectors (Syk, phospholipase Cgamma1, ERK, JNK, and p38) and the expression of inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, COX-2, and FcepsilonRIalpha/gamma) in DNP-IgE- and DNP-BSA-stimulated RBL-2H3 (rat basophilic leukemia) cells. In addition, saponarin (100 muM) significantly inhibited the expression of macrophage-derived chemokine, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, IL-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and the phosphorylation of signaling molecules (ERK, p38 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 [STAT1]) in TNF-alpha- and interferon (IFN)-gamma-stimulated HaCaT (human immortalized keratinocyte) cells. Saponarin (100 muM) also significantly induced the expression of hyaluronan synthase-3, aquaporin 3, and cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (LL-37) in HaCaT cells, which play an important role as skin barriers. Saponarin remarkably inhibited the essential factors involved in the inflammatory and allergic responses of RAW264.7, RBL-2H3, and HaCaT cells, and induced the expression of factors that function as physical and chemical skin barriers in HaCaT cells. Therefore, saponarin could potentially be used to prevent and relieve immune-related skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis.
- Journal
- Int J Mol Sci
- Publish Year
- 2021
- Experiment Subject
- mouse; rat; human; barley; dnp-bsa-stimulated rbl-2h3 (rat basophilic leukemia) cells; hacat cells; lipopolysaccharide-induced raw264.7 (murine macrophage) cells; raw264.7 cells; tnf-alpha- and interferon (ifn)-gamma-stimulated hacat (human immortalized keratinocyte) cells
- Experiment Type
- Cell Experiment
- Phenotype Related
- Tumor; Atopic Dermatitis; Basophilic Leukemia; Immune-; Skin Diseases
- Paper Title Cn
- Paper Title En
- Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Allergic Effects of Saponarin and Its Impact on Signaling Pathways of RAW 264.7, RBL-2H3, and HaCaT Cells
- Bilingual Status
- semi_complete