ReferenceID 1555
Citral alleviates peptidoglycan-induced inflammation and disruption of barrier functions in porcine intestinal epithelial cells
J Cell Physiol
Peptidoglycan (PGN) is a major polymer in bacterial cell walls and may constrain gut functionality and lower intestinal efficiencies in livestock. Citral has been reported to exhibit antibacterial and anti-inflammatory b
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Record Fields
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- Reference Id
- 1555
- Evidence Id
- 18145
- Core Evidence Id
- 18145
- Source Reference Id
- 3106
- Herb2 Reference Id
- HBREF003903
- Subject Paper Key
- HBIN020976_34791644
- Pubmed Id
- 34791644
- Doi
- 10.1002/jcp.30640
- Paper Title
- Citral alleviates peptidoglycan-induced inflammation and disruption of barrier functions in porcine intestinal epithelial cells
- Paper Abstract
- Peptidoglycan (PGN) is a major polymer in bacterial cell walls and may constrain gut functionality and lower intestinal efficiencies in livestock. Citral has been reported to exhibit antibacterial and anti-inflammatory biological activities, improving the gastrointestinal function of swine. However, the protective effect of citral against PGN-elicited cellular responses and possible underlying mechanisms are unknown. In this study, the porcine jejunal epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) was challenged with PGN from Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) or Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) to explore PGN-induced inflammatory responses. Our data showed that the inflammatory response stimulated by PGN from harmful bacteria (S. aureus) was more potent than that from commensal bacteria (B. subtilis) in IPEC-J2 cells. Based on the inflammatory model by PGN from S. aureus, it was demonstrated that PGN could significantly induce inflammatory cytokine production and influence nutrient absorption and barrier function in a dose-dependent manner. However, the PGN-mediated immune responses were remarkably suppressed by citral. In addition, citral significantly attenuated the effect of PGN on the intestine nutrient absorption and barrier function. The expression of TLR2 was strongly induced by PGN stimulation, which was suppressed by citral. All data nominated that citral downregulated PGN-induced inflammation via TLR2-mediated activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in IPEC-J2 cells. Furthermore, the results also indicate that the PGN degradation through the inclusion of enzymes (e.g., muramidase) as well as the inclusion of citral for attenuating inflammation may improve pig gut health and functionality.
- Journal
- J Cell Physiol
- Publish Year
- 2021
- Experiment Subject
- ipec-j2 cells; pig; porcine; porcine jejunal epithelial cell line; swine
- Experiment Type
- Cell Experiment
- Phenotype Related
- Paper Title Cn
- Paper Title En
- Citral alleviates peptidoglycan-induced inflammation and disruption of barrier functions in porcine intestinal epithelial cells
- Bilingual Status
- semi_complete