Meta AnalysisID 6938

南非醉茄补充剂对运动表现的有效性：一项系统评价和Meta分析

CRD42023460949

What is the impact of Ashwagandha supplementation on sports performance in athletes?

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Meta Analysis Id: 6938
Evidence Id: 15496
Core Evidence Id: 15496
Source Meta Analysis Id: 6923
Herb2 Meta Analysis Id: HBMA006923
Crd Id: CRD42023460949
Title: Effectiveness of the Ashwagandha supplementation on sports performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Review Question: What is the impact of Ashwagandha supplementation on sports performance in athletes?
Study Type Included: **Eligible Study Designs:** The systematic review will consider the following study designs for inclusion: 1. **Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs):** Well-designed and executed randomized controlled trials will be eligible for inclusion. RCTs are considered the gold standard for assessing the effects of interventions. **Inclusion Criteria for Study Designs:** 1. **Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs):** Studies designed as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be included in the review. **Exclusion Criteria for Study Designs:** 1. **Non-Randomized Studies:** Non-randomized studies, such as observational studies (e.g., cohort studies, case-control studies), will be excluded from the review. By focusing on RCTs, the systematic review will prioritize studies with a strong methodological foundation, allowing for a rigorous evaluation of the effects of Ashwagandha supplementation on sports performance in athletes. These criteria will ensure that the included studies meet high standards of evidence for assessing the intervention's impact.
Condition Being Studied: The effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) supplementation on physical performance (considering as main variables the muscle strength, VO2max, muscle fatigue, tiredness, and physical recovery in athletes
Participant: The participants or populations being studied in the systematic review will be defined based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. **Inclusion Criteria:** 1. Articles Published in English: Only articles published in the English language will be considered for inclusion to ensure uniformity of language and ease of interpretation. 2. Trials Assessing Ashwagandha Supplementation: Eligible studies must be randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or clinical trials that assess the effects of Ashwagandha supplementation on athletes. 3. Trials Reporting Effects on Sports/Physical Performance Variables: Included studies must report outcomes related to sports or physical performance. These outcomes may include but are not limited to variables such as endurance, VO2max, muscle strength and fatigue, tiredness, and physical recovery. **Exclusion Criteria:** 1. Other Active Substances or Multiple Treatments: Studies in which the experimental group receives other active substances or multiple treatments in addition to Ashwagandha supplementation will be excluded. This criterion ensures that the effects observed can be attributed specifically to Ashwagandha supplementation. 2. Conference Proceedings, Commentaries, Editorials, and Book Chapters/Book Reviews: Conference proceedings, commentaries, editorials, and book chapters/book reviews will be excluded from the review. These types of publications may not provide the necessary primary data for a comprehensive analysis of the effects of Ashwagandha supplementation on sports performance.
Animal
Human Disease Modelled
Intervention: The interventions or exposures to be reviewed in this systematic review pertain to the use of Ashwagandha supplementation among athletes. The focus is on assessing the effects of Ashwagandha supplementation on sports or physical performance. Inclusion Criteria: 1. **Ashwagandha Supplementation:** Studies that involve the administration of Ashwagandha as a supplement to athletes will be included. This includes trials that use Ashwagandha alone or in combination with other substances. 2. **Athletes as Participants:** Included studies must involve athletes as the study participants. Athletes are individuals engaged in organized sports or physical training activities, and the study populations should primarily consist of athletes. 3. **Effects on Sports/Physical Performance:** Eligible studies must report outcomes related to sports or physical performance variables. These outcomes may encompass parameters such as endurance, VO2max, muscle strength and fatigue, tiredness, and physical recovery. Exclusion Criteria: 1. **Non-Ashwagandha Interventions:** Studies involving interventions other than Ashwagandha supplementation will be excluded. Trials that use other active substances or multiple treatments in combination with Ashwagandha will not meet the inclusion criteria. 2. **Non-Athletic Populations:** Studies involving populations that are not primarily composed of athletes will be excluded. This criterion ensures that the review focuses specifically on the impact of Ashwagandha supplementation in athletic contexts.
Comparator Control: **Comparison Groups:** The systematic review will assess the effects of Ashwagandha supplementation by comparing it against the following alternatives: 1. **Control Group:** The primary comparison will involve studies that include a control group. This control group will not receive Ashwagandha supplementation and may receive a placebo, no intervention, or an alternative intervention other than Ashwagandha. **Inclusion Criteria for Comparison Groups:** 1. **Control Group:** Studies with a control group that does not receive Ashwagandha supplementation will be included. The control group may receive a placebo, no intervention, or a different intervention unrelated to Ashwagandha. **Exclusion Criteria for Comparison Groups:** 1. **No Control Group:** Studies without a control group or studies that do not provide a valid comparison against Ashwagandha supplementation will be excluded. By comparing Ashwagandha supplementation against a control group, the systematic review aims to assess the specific effects of Ashwagandha on sports or physical performance while controlling for potential confounding factors. The inclusion and exclusion criteria for comparison groups will ensure that studies included in the review meet the requirements for a valid comparison.
Main Outcome: 1. **Endurance:** Endurance is defined as the ability to sustain a physical activity or exercise for an extended period without significant fatigue. It is typically measured using standardized endurance tests relevant to the specific sports or activities studied. 2. **VO2max (Maximal Oxygen Consumption):** VO2max represents the maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense exercise. It is often assessed through direct or indirect measures, such as cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and serves as an indicator of aerobic fitness. 3. **Muscle Strength and Fatigue:** Muscle strength refers to the force-generating capacity of muscles, which can be measured using various strength tests (e.g., one-repetition maximum). Muscle fatigue is defined as a decrease in muscle performance during sustained contractions and can be assessed through measures of force or endurance. 4. **Tiredness Perception:** Tiredness perception is the subjective perception of fatigue, exhaustion, or tiredness experienced by athletes during or after physical activity. It is often measured using validated self-report scales or questionnaires. 5. **Physical Recovery:** Physical recovery refers to the speed and effectiveness of an athlete's recovery from strenuous exercise or physical exertion. It can be assessed using various markers, including markers of inflammation, muscle damage, and subjective self-reported recovery. Measures of effect 1. **Endurance:** Endurance is defined as the ability to sustain a physical activity or exercise for an extended period without significant fatigue. It is typically measured using standardized endurance tests relevant to the specific sports or activities studied. 2. **VO2max (Maximal Oxygen Consumption):** VO2max represents the maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense exercise. It is often assessed through direct or indirect measures, such as cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and serves as an indicator of aerobic fitness. 3. **Muscle Strength and Fatigue:** Muscle strength refers to the force-generating capacity of muscles, which can be measured using various strength tests (e.g., one-repetition maximum). Muscle fatigue is defined as a decrease in muscle performance during sustained contractions and can be assessed through measures of force or endurance. 4. **Tiredness Perception:** Tiredness perception is the subjective perception of fatigue, exhaustion, or tiredness experienced by athletes during or after physical activity. It is often measured using validated self-report scales or questionnaires. 5. **Physical Recovery:** Physical recovery refers to the speed and effectiveness of an athlete's recovery from strenuous exercise or physical exertion. It can be assessed using various markers, including markers of inflammation, muscle damage, and subjective self-reported recovery.
Outcome Measure
Additional Outcome: **Pre-specified Additional Outcomes of the Review:** 1. **Muscle Endurance:** Muscle endurance, distinct from overall endurance, refers to the capacity of muscles to sustain submaximal contractions over an extended period. It will be assessed using relevant tests (e.g., time under tension, repetitions at a specific load) specific to the studies included. 2. **Power Output:** Power output represents the rate at which work is done, often calculated as force multiplied by velocity. It will be assessed using appropriate measures (e.g., peak power, mean power) relevant to the activities studied. 3. **Inflammatory Markers:** Inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukins, will be assessed as indicators of the inflammatory response in athletes. These markers can provide insights into potential physiological changes related to Ashwagandha supplementation. 4. **Hormonal Profiles:** Hormonal profiles, including testosterone, cortisol, and growth hormone levels, will be examined to explore potential hormonal adaptations in response to Ashwagandha supplementation. These measurements can shed light on the hormonal mechanisms underlying any observed effects. 5. **Psychological Factors:** Psychological factors, including mood, stress, and perceived well-being, will be assessed using validated self-report questionnaires. These factors may provide insights into the psychological impact of Ashwagandha supplementation on athletes. 6. **Adverse Events:** Adverse events related to Ashwagandha supplementation will be documented and analyzed to ensure a comprehensive assessment of the intervention's safety profile. **Measurement Timing:** - Similar to the main outcomes, the timing of measurements for these additional outcomes will vary depending on the study protocols of the included trials. Measurement timing is not set as a strict inclusion criterion, but outcomes will be included if they are assessed at any relevant time point in the eligible studies. These pre-specified additional outcomes complement the main outcomes and allow for a thorough evaluation of the effects of Ashwagandha supplementation on various physiological, psychological, and safety-related parameters in athletes. Measures of effect **Effect Measures for Additional Outcomes:** 1. **Muscle Endurance:** Muscle endurance will be assessed using effect measures such as changes in time to exhaustion, repetitions completed, or other relevant endurance test outcomes. These may be reported as mean differences (MD) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs). 2. **Power Output:** Power output will be evaluated by effect measures such as changes in peak power, mean power, or other relevant power-related variables. These may be reported as mean differences (MD) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs). 3. **Inflammatory Markers:** The impact on inflammatory markers will be assessed through effect measures like changes in levels of specific markers (e.g., CRP, interleukins). These measures may be reported as mean differences (MD) or standardized mean differences (SMD) with corresponding CIs. 4. **Hormonal Profiles:** Hormonal profiles will be examined using effect measures that capture changes in hormone levels (e.g., testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone). These measures may be reported as mean differences (MD) or standardized mean differences (SMD) with corresponding CIs. 5. **Psychological Factors:** The impact on psychological factors will be assessed using effect measures that capture changes in mood, stress levels, or perceived well-being. These measures may be reported as mean differences (MD) with corresponding CIs. 6. **Adverse Events:** Adverse events will be assessed by effect measures such as the incidence of adverse events, risk ratios (RR), or risk differences (RD) where applicable. The 'number needed to harm' (NNH) may also be calculated if relevant. The specified effect measures for each additional outcome will be used to quantify and report the magnitude of the observed effects related to Ashwagandha supplementation. The choice of effect measure will depend on the nature of the outcome and the data reported in the eligible studies.
Study Method: Systematic review
Keyword: Ashwagandha; Athletes; Athletic Performance; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Plant Extracts; Withania
Contact: Kalani Weerasinghe [email protected]
Organisational Affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey road, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Funding Source
Other Selection Criteria
Final Publication
Same Topic Review
Published Protocol
Review Type
Language: English
Country: Sri Lanka
Review Stage: Review Ongoing
First Submission Date: 2023-09-05
Registration Date: 2023-09-16
Anticipated Start Date: 2023-10-09
Anticipated Completion Date: 2023-12-11
Title Cn: 南非醉茄补充剂对运动表现的有效性：一项系统评价和Meta分析
Title En: Effectiveness of the Ashwagandha supplementation on sports performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Bilingual Status: complete